Shapes of the 4f orbitals in 3D


Click the images to see the various 4f orbitals
The lanthanide series is defined by the progressive filling of the 4f orbitals. These seven orbitals have the following ml values:

ml=0, ±1, ±2,
±3

ml=0 are real, all the others are complex and so linear combinations must be taken to obtain
real orbitals.

General set

These are produced by simply taking linear
combinations of m
l=±1, ±2, ±3

ml
0 z3
±1 xz2
yz
2
±2 xyz z(x2-y2)
±3 x(x2-3y2)
y(3x
2-y2)

 

Explore other atomic orbitals

s-orbitals |2p-orbitals |3p-orbitals | 3d-orbitals | 4f-orbitals

Comparison of 1s, 2s and 2p-orbitals

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